B.A.T.M.A.N

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] B.A.T.M.A.N. on NS-2 ?
by Arnaud Kaiser 17 Feb '09

17 Feb '09

Hi, I wonder if it exists an implementation of B.A.T.M.A.N. on NS-2 simulator. Thanks. Arnaud.

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] WiMAX
by Tim LePes 16 Feb '09

16 Feb '09

Has anyone been playing with BATMAN on WiMAX hardware? I have a project that I had to back burner for a while and I am getting ready to start active work again. I am looking to see if I can find a mini PCI WiMAX card that I can use in a Mesh AP, where WiMAX will be used for the backbone and both WiFi and 10/100 Ethernet for clients to connect to the AP. The idea is for drop-and-go network coverage in disaster areas or other places where you want to get connectivity up in a hurry. I have a dev board and am finally able to get some parts to help me work on it again. Power supply, PCI to MiniPCI adapter, PoE hardware, enclosure.. and of course a WiMAX card. I am also shopping for a WiFi card too, so recommendations there would be welcome. Though to be fair I haven't been googling on that much yet, the WiMAX backhaul is my main concern at the moment. Doing the WiFi AP part should be relatively easy as it is a mature technology w/r/t parts and drivers availability. Any advice? So far it seems that Intel has the greatest presence in my googling for WiMAX on Linux. Thanks so much! Tim LePes

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] Using batman L2 on multiple wireless cards
by Gargi Purohit 14 Feb '09

14 Feb '09

Hi I was wondering if I can run L2 batman kernel module on hardware which has 3 wireless cards. Should be process be the same as in adding interfaces e.g. ath0, ath1, ath2 to /proc/net/batman-adv/interfaces (where ath0, ath1, ath2 are different wireless cards) and adding bat0 with eth0 to the bridge? Regards Gargi

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] B.A.T.M.A.N L2 over a Bluetooth PAN
by Breno Jacinto 14 Feb '09

14 Feb '09

Hello, I'm experimenting on heterogeneous ad hoc networks, which today are still very restricted in terms of hardware availability for off-the-shelf devices. Actually, the two most common technologies available today are 802.11 and Bluetooth, being this last one able to form simple personal area networks in the form of piconets. In practical terms, the BlueZ stack of the Linux allows the formation of Bluetooth PANs consisting of up to 8 nodes, but it's an incredibly difficult process - actually, the piconet master needs to bridge connections so that all other devices in the network, which depend on this master, are able to reach it other directly - or at least feel like they are doing that. In fact, everything is just an emulation, since Bluetooth is a connection-oriented technology. BNEP (Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol) is the piece responsible for emulating an Ethernet network over Bluetooth, and theoretically any IP and above protocols can be used. Trying with simple IP broadcasts over a Bluetooth network shows that it works, but the problem comes when I try to do "straight" layer 2 broadcasts (not coming from the IP layer), such as the ones that BATMAN L2 does. I tried to run BATMAN and add the interfaces used on each device - pan0 for the master, which is a bridge device, and bnep0 for the slave, but the frame dont seem to reach any destination on the network. The originators table remains empty on both sides of the connection. Running Wireshark shows the frame being generated, but never reaching anyone. So, I still cannot figure out why this is happening. I'd like to know if anyone has adventured in doing something similar and succeeded. best regards, -- -- :: Breno Jacinto :: :: breno - at - gprt.ufpe.br :: :: FingerPrint :: 2F15 8A61 F566 E442 8581 E3C0 EFF4 E202 74B7 7484 :: Persistir no difícil é a única maneira de torná-lo fácil algum dia. ::

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Re: [B.A.T.M.A.N.] B.A.T.M.A.N Digest, Vol 26, Issue 7
by Tim LePes 13 Feb '09

13 Feb '09

On Fri, 13 Feb 2009 03:26:13 +0700, Outback Dingo <outbackdingo(a)gmail.com> wrote: > yupp got me kinda curious also, though you can definatley do stable > long distance with wifi and the right antennas, what advantage really > does wimax provide, if any. Overall id be very surprised if it was > even really adopted. there are very few wimax capable laptops even now > let alone desktops. > > On Fri, Feb 13, 2009 at 3:05 AM, Simon Wunderlich > <simon.wunderlich(a)s2003.tu-chemnitz.de > <mailto:simon.wunderlich@s2003.tu-chemnitz.de>> wrote: > > Hello Tim, > > unfortunately i have no experience with WiMAX, but as far as i know: > > * WiMAX is not license-free like WiFi (means you need to BUY a > license, > at least in germany) > * where is the technical advantage of WiMAX over WiFi? > Sure, the advertisements say "50 km or 108 MBit/s", but they > don't say > "both at the same time". > You can reach this with WiFi as well (with the right antennas > and setup). > > So my question is: Where do you see the advantages in WiMAX over WiFi? > > I don't know if there is some mesh technology available (as in > implemented) for WiMAX (as far as i know 802.16d?) or if there are > adhoc-like modes available to let routing protocols like BATMAN work. > > If you know more about WiMAX meshing i'd be very interested to > hear. :) > > best regards > Simon > I understand you can get good range with WiFi using directional antennae, parabolic antennae, "cantennas", etc. I *have* thought about directional antennas for back-haul, but the project idea was geared toward emergency workers being able to set up a network as simply as possible. So I have been leaning toward a good solution to work with omni-directional antennas. No "aiming" needed... plug and play would be ideal. With directional antennas it would take a little more work. But may be a better solution in the end. Nothing is set in stone here. I was going with WiMAX because, to my understanding, I could get a far, far greater range using omni-directional antennas than I could with WiFi. I do understand that the data rates fall off with distance. I am not interested, here, in providing typical municipal wireless solutions where the users are going to be working with rich content a lot. I want to be able to set up a communications network that can help rescue workers get access to logistics and co-ordination web pages. Mainly, I am interested in implementing SAHANA on this network. From their web site, "Sahana is a Free and Open Source Disaster Management system. It is a web based collaboration tool that addresses the common coordination problems during a disaster from finding missing people, managing aid, managing volunteers, tracking camps effectively between Government groups, the civil society (NGOs) and the victims themselves." You can find more info at http://www.sahana.lk/ or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahana_FOSS_Disaster_Management_System if you would like to check it out further. So the primary application I want to support is simply a web app on a server, and have it run reasonably well over the mesh. I am not going for VoIP or streaming video, so the top-end bandwidth is not my main goal. Distance is. Ease of set-up is. But, of course, I will eventually have to do real-world testing to see if the throughput would suffice. If I were to do directional antennas, I would look to WiFi or Microwave just as readily as WiMAX. Now as a secondary function, this disaster-relief network could also support access out to the wider web, and it would be nice for rescue workers in the Red Cross tent or what have some PCs connected to my mesh node, using it as an AP into the mesh and on to the web. The idea is not, even then, to support video conferencing or bittorrents. Email to friends and family. Government and NGO resource web pages. Etc. The dev board I have is a 400MHz Freescale MPC5200B PowerPC SoC - based unit called the EFIKA 5200B from Genesi. See http://www.genesi-usa.com/efika for details. I am going to outfit it with a PCI to MiniPCI adapter and should be able to put two miniPCI cards on it. Now here, I will note that I have only been able to find a mini-PCI EXPRESS adapter (from Intel, and it also supports WiFi). Intel's "Echo Peak"... "Intel® WiMAX/WiFi Link 5150(512ANXMMWG) is a 1X2 MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) 1x2 (one transmit chain, two receive chains) PCIe Minicard supporting IEEE 802.16e and 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network adapters that operate in the 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz spectra for WiFi and 2.5 GHz for WiMAX." 802.16d tends to be good for fixed stations. And the idea is that these nodes will pretty much stay put once set up. 802.16e is largely being touted for it's mobile network features... and it is coming to the US. Clearwire wireless broadband (802.11d methinks) is already deployed in Nashville. Clearwire is now backed by Sprint and others. Sprint's XOHM is also picking up steam. This is an 802.16e service that is one "4G" route. Though for the cell companies, LTE is also on the horizon. Sprint are supposed to be carrying the Nokia N810 tablet now with WiMax in it. More and more MIDs, netbooks, smart phones, and eventually laptops and such will be coming with 802.16e chipsets. Especially since major cell carriers have been investing in this technology. Sprint has infrastructure already. I am not so interested in the mobile aspects of 802.16e though. I am interested in the MIMO technology support, however. Licensing issues I will get to later. There is unlicensed spectrum available here in the US. But as this is geared toward emergency use, I imagine that there will be considerations regarding spectrum use for such an application that may be favorable. More research is in order here, I agree. At one point Genesi told me I had the Australian government interested in my project, but at the time I had nothing to show for it yet so I didn't pursue anything with them. Granted, this is a learn-as-you-go project for me. I have Debian running on the device, but that's about it so far. Well, it also runs Apache. I have to get some hardware to be able to do anything constructive. I am not being backed by anyone, other than Genesi who were gracious enough to give me an EFIKA at no cost. Their hope is that I would create a product around the board, and I would like to make good on that. They are a unique company with a strong open-source vision, including open hardware designs. They make the reference design, and are first to be ready to market any products derived from it. But others can implement my project as their own product, either using Genesi for the hardware or going it on their own. I have a LOT to learn about all this stuff... but for me, that is the point. I get to play with cool toys and maybe in the end do something that could be a benefit to others. WiMAX is "cool" to me, so that was my initial attraction. I also am keenly interested in wireless networking. I am no fan of monopolies. And it's also a great option for rural areas and developing countries. BATMAN is also very cool to me and I have been following along here for a while, lurking on and off. But when all is said and done with the project... I don't need a WiMAX mesh node for myself. So I will turn the EFIKA into a car computer when I'm done... there is already another project doing that and I'll just copy off them at that time. But for now I want to get my idea moving forward. I am completely open to suggestions and advice along the way. Thanks for being curious, and I hope you find my idea interesting. Peace! Tim

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] Stable adapters for Ad Hoc networks
by Breno Jacinto 10 Feb '09

10 Feb '09

Hello everyone, I`m running several experiments involving ad hoc networks. I`ve selected some well known-to-be-compatible adapters, such as Edimax (Ralink shipset), Alfa networks (Realtek) and Atheros (madwifi). Atheros is available only as built-in adapter on the equipement or as a PCI board. So, I'm experiencing some instability regarding the selection of the BSSID used by all the nodes. I start the network with a single node, then another, then another. Now, for a couple of minutes it works, bu then some nodes start losing sight of each and changing their BSSIDs to a different value (and they should always use the same). I'm really running out of explanations of why this is happening, because these nodes are all in-range of each other, and should be "pingable" directly. My main suspect is the driver instability, but then I dont know of any other better alternatives. I've tested the following USB adapters: - Edimax EW-7318USg (rt73 drivers) - Alfa AWUS036H-11g And the builtin adapters: - Atheros chipset AR5007EG best regards, -- -- :: Breno Jacinto :: :: breno - at - gprt.ufpe.br :: :: FingerPrint :: 2F15 8A61 F566 E442 8581 E3C0 EFF4 E202 74B7 7484 :: Persistir no difícil é a única maneira de torná-lo fácil algum dia. ::

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] [PATCH] Introduce set/get functions for /proc files
by Sven Eckelmann 07 Feb '09

07 Feb '09

get_integer_file can be used to get an integer from the beginning of a file. It does the same as every other get_* function in linux/kernel.c has done before, but introduced extra error checking for fscanf to deal with the undefined behaviour of it in error cases in c89. It fixes also the problems that in future architectures with sizeof(int) > 4 an invalid write would happen when fscanf tries to write it's results into the target or that on big endian architectures with sizof(int) != 4 the result is complete different than the expected one when the content of the file is not 0. set_integer_file does the same for writing a specific integer to the file and thus resolve the problem of invalid read on architectures with sizof(int) > 4 and wrong file content on big endian systems with sizof(int) != 4. As side effect the probability to get attacked by a goto-raptor was reduced by the factor 1.08. Signed-off-by: Sven Eckelmann <sven.eckelmann(a)gmx.de> --- batman/linux/kernel.c | 89 ++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-) diff --git a/batman/linux/kernel.c b/batman/linux/kernel.c index 0595899..203fb33 100644 --- a/batman/linux/kernel.c +++ b/batman/linux/kernel.c @@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/socket.h> +#include <inttypes.h> #include "../os.h" #include "../batman.h" @@ -36,9 +37,41 @@ +static int get_integer_file(const char* filename) +{ + FILE *f; + int32_t integer = 0; + int n; + + if((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) + return 0; + + n = fscanf(f, "%"SCNd32, &integer); + fclose(f); + + if (n == 0 || n == EOF) + integer = 0; + + return integer; +} + + + +static void set_integer_file(const char* filename, int32_t integer) +{ + FILE *f; + + if ((f = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) + return; + + fprintf(f, "%"PRId32, integer); + fclose(f); +} + + + void set_rp_filter(int32_t state, char* dev) { - FILE *f; char filename[100], *colon_ptr; /* if given interface is an alias use parent interface */ @@ -46,14 +79,8 @@ void set_rp_filter(int32_t state, char* dev) *colon_ptr = '\0'; sprintf( filename, "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/%s/rp_filter", dev); + set_integer_file(filename, state); - if((f = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) - goto end; - - fprintf(f, "%d", state); - fclose(f); - -end: if ( colon_ptr != NULL ) *colon_ptr = ':'; } @@ -62,7 +89,6 @@ end: int32_t get_rp_filter(char *dev) { - FILE *f; int32_t state = 0; char filename[100], *colon_ptr; @@ -71,14 +97,8 @@ int32_t get_rp_filter(char *dev) *colon_ptr = '\0'; sprintf( filename, "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/%s/rp_filter", dev); + state = get_integer_file(filename); - if((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) - goto end; - - fscanf(f, "%d", &state); - fclose(f); - -end: if ( colon_ptr != NULL ) *colon_ptr = ':'; @@ -89,7 +109,6 @@ end: void set_send_redirects( int32_t state, char* dev ) { - FILE *f; char filename[100], *colon_ptr; /* if given interface is an alias use parent interface */ @@ -97,14 +116,8 @@ void set_send_redirects( int32_t state, char* dev ) { *colon_ptr = '\0'; sprintf( filename, "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/%s/send_redirects", dev); + set_integer_file(filename, state); - if((f = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) - goto end; - - fprintf(f, "%d", state); - fclose(f); - -end: if ( colon_ptr != NULL ) *colon_ptr = ':'; @@ -114,7 +127,6 @@ end: int32_t get_send_redirects( char *dev ) { - FILE *f; int32_t state = 0; char filename[100], *colon_ptr; @@ -123,14 +135,8 @@ int32_t get_send_redirects( char *dev ) { *colon_ptr = '\0'; sprintf( filename, "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/%s/send_redirects", dev); + state = get_integer_file(filename); - if((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) - goto end; - - fscanf(f, "%d", &state); - fclose(f); - -end: if ( colon_ptr != NULL ) *colon_ptr = ':'; @@ -142,29 +148,14 @@ end: void set_forwarding(int32_t state) { - FILE *f; - - if((f = fopen("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", "w")) == NULL) - return; - - fprintf(f, "%d", state); - fclose(f); + set_integer_file("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", state); } int32_t get_forwarding(void) { - FILE *f; - int32_t state = 0; - - if((f = fopen("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", "r")) == NULL) - return 0; - - fscanf(f, "%d", &state); - fclose(f); - - return state; + return get_integer_file("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"); } -- 1.6.1.2.549.g547e

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] [PATCH] Compile vis under FreeBSD and OSX
by Antoine van Gelder 06 Feb '09

06 Feb '09

Some additional includes are required to compile the B.A.T.M.A.N. visualization daemon under FreeBSD and OSX.

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] Layer 2.5
by Breno Jacinto 04 Feb '09

04 Feb '09

Hello, I read some posts on the web about B.A.T.M.A.N being (or becoming) a layer 2.5 protocol, which would make it operate below IP. But, at the website and some papers I read this is not mentioned, and the impression is that it is a regular layer 3 protocol. Can anyone please clarify, and if possible, point to some reference that may confirm that batman is or is not operating at layer 2.5? I'm writing a paper on mesh protocols and I need to know which layer batman really operates in order to cite it correctly. best regards, -- -- :: Breno Jacinto :: :: breno - at - gprt.ufpe.br :: :: FingerPrint :: 2F15 8A61 F566 E442 8581 E3C0 EFF4 E202 74B7 7484 :: Persistir no difícil é a única maneira de torná-lo fácil algum dia. ::

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[B.A.T.M.A.N.] problem with batman test
by SoukoussMan 27 Jan '09

27 Jan '09

Hi, I've make a test today with Batman and La Fonera2. I've a problem with the 169.254.0.0/16 routing. In fact, when i launch batman, the 169.254.0.0/16 route with gate0 dev don't add correctly. With this, i can't have reply on my request. If i add manually the route with "ip route add table 254 to 169.254.0.0/16 dev gate0" this work. How can i debug this problem. I've use "-d 4" but i don't have see problem in log. I past you a quick start without node connected : root@Fonera:~# /tmp/batmand -o 2000 -g 5000 ath2 -d 4 Interface activated: ath2 Using interface ath2 with address 5.0.0.1 and broadcast address 5.255.255.255 B.A.T.M.A.N. 0.3.1 rv1203 (compatibility version 5) [ 30] Warning - batgat kernel modul interface (/dev/batgat) not usable: No such file or directory This may decrease the performance of batman! [ 30] Warning - batgat kernel modul interface (/dev/batgat) not usable: No such file or directory This may decrease the performance of batman! debug level: 4 originator interval: 2000 gateway class: 49 -> propagating: 4MBit/1024KBit [ 70] schedule_own_packet(): ath2 [ 80] [ 100] Adding route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254 - gate0) [ 2050] [ 2060] Sending own packet (originator 5.0.0.1, seqno 1, TTL 50, IDF off) on interface ath2 [ 2060] schedule_own_packet(): ath2 [ 2060] ------------------ DEBUG ------------------ [ 2060] Forward list [ 2060] 5.0.0.1 at 4151 [ 2060] Originator list [ 2060] Originator (#/255) Nexthop [outgoingIF]: Potential nexthops [ 2060] No batman nodes in range ... [ 2060] ---------------------------------------------- END DEBUG [ 2060] [ 2060] Received BATMAN packet via NB: 5.0.0.1, IF: ath2 5.0.0.1 (from OG: 5.0.0.1, via old OG: 5.0.0.1, seqno 1, tq 255, TTL 50, V 5, IDF 0) [ 2060] Is an internet gateway (class 49) [ 2070] Drop packet: received my own broadcast (sender: 5.0.0.1) [ 2070] [ 4160] [ 4170] Sending own packet (originator 5.0.0.1, seqno 2, TTL 50, IDF off) on interface ath2 [ 4170] schedule_own_packet(): ath2 [ 4170] ------------------ DEBUG ------------------ [ 4170] Forward list [ 4170] 5.0.0.1 at 6088 [ 4170] Originator list [ 4170] Originator (#/255) Nexthop [outgoingIF]: Potential nexthops [ 4170] No batman nodes in range ... [ 4170] ---------------------------------------------- END DEBUG [ 4170] [ 4170] Received BATMAN packet via NB: 5.0.0.1, IF: ath2 5.0.0.1 (from OG: 5.0.0.1, via old OG: 5.0.0.1, seqno 2, tq 255, TTL 50, V 5, IDF 0) [ 4170] Is an internet gateway (class 49) [ 4180] Drop packet: received my own broadcast (sender: 5.0.0.1) [ 4180] [ 6090] [ 6100] Sending own packet (originator 5.0.0.1, seqno 3, TTL 50, IDF off) on interface ath2 [ 6100] schedule_own_packet(): ath2 [ 6100] ------------------ DEBUG ------------------ [ 6100] Forward list [ 6100] 5.0.0.1 at 8109 [ 6100] Originator list [ 6100] Originator (#/255) Nexthop [outgoingIF]: Potential nexthops [ 6100] No batman nodes in range ... [ 6100] ---------------------------------------------- END DEBUG [ 6100] [ 6100] Received BATMAN packet via NB: 5.0.0.1, IF: ath2 5.0.0.1 (from OG: 5.0.0.1, via old OG: 5.0.0.1, seqno 3, tq 255, TTL 50, V 5, IDF 0) [ 6100] Is an internet gateway (class 49) [ 6100] Drop packet: received my own broadcast (sender: 5.0.0.1) [ 6110] ^C[ 6610] Deleting route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254 - gate0) [ 6610] Error - can't delete route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254): No such process [ 6610] Error - can't delete route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254): No such process Deleting all BATMAN routes root@Fonera:~# In this log, a see "Adding route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254 - gate0)" but in the table 254, i don't have this route. And when i stop BATMAN, the route can't be deleted because don't exist ( "Error - can't delete route to 169.254.0.0/16 via 0.0.0.0 (table 254): No such process") Someone can help me please ? -- ----- FrancoFON CEO and Founder Président de l'association FrancoFON Communauté des foneros francophones - http://www.francofon.fr

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